Nkhani - Kutsatira Malamulo a LFGB ndi FDA pa Ziwiya Zakukhitchini Zamatabwa: Malire Osamuka a Formaldehyde, Mayeso Osamuka Ophimba, ndi Mndandanda Woyang'anira Zolemba

LFGB ndi FDA ndi malamulo awiri akuluakulu olamulira zida zamatabwa kukhitchini m'misika ya ku Europe ndi ku US.
Kusamutsa kwa formaldehyde kuchokera ku matabwa odulira matabwa sikuyenera kupitirira 15 mg/kg motsatira miyezo ya EU.
Mayeso oyendera malo oyezera kusamuka konse (malire a EU a 10 mg/dm2) ndi kusamuka kwa zinthu zinazake.
Ogulitsa kunja amafunikira zikalata zazikulu zisanu ndi ziwiri: mapepala achitetezo cha zinthu, malipoti oyesa, DoC, satifiketi ya FSC, kafukufuku wa GMP, ma specs, ndi malipoti a zinthu zoletsedwa.
Kukonzanso mayeso pachaka kumalimbikitsidwa ngakhale popanda kusintha kwa malonda kuti zinthu zizikhala zatsopano malinga ndi malamulo omwe akusintha.
Chitsimikizo cha FSC chimathandizira koma sichilowa m'malo mwa mayeso otsatira kukhudzana ndi chakudya.

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

Malo Oyendetsera Zinthu Zophikira Zamatabwa

Timathandiza otumiza kunja kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamatabwa ndi nsungwi kupita ku EU kapena ku United States kumafuna kutsatira malamulo okhudzana ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi chakudya omwe amasiyana m'misika. Kwa otumiza kunja omwe amachokera ku malo athu opangira zinthu, kumvetsetsa zofunikira izi ndiye maziko a njira yabwino yotumizira kunja. Kupeza kusagwirizana ndi malamulo kungayambitse kubweza katundu ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbiri kwa nthawi yayitali.

Timagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimalamulira zida zamatabwa zakukhitchini: LFGB ndi EU Regulation 1935/2004 ku Europe, ndi malamulo a FDA pansi pa 21 CFR ku United States. Ngakhale onsewa akutsimikiza kuti zinthu zokhudzana ndi chakudya sizikutumiza zinthu zovulaza, zimasiyana njira zoyesera, malire, ndi kukakamiza. Tamanga njira zathu zoyesera.satifiketi ya zida za kukhitchini zotetezeka pa chakudyapulogalamu yoti ikumane nthawi imodzi.

Nkhani yathu ikufotokoza za malire osamukira kwa formaldehyde, mayeso oyenderana ndi zophimba, ndi mndandanda wa zolemba za otumiza kunja.

Bokosi lodulira nsungwi lili ndi chitsimikizo chotetezeka cha chakudya chovomerezeka kuti chikutsatira malamulo a LFGB ndi FDA

Bolodi lodulira nsungwi lopangidwa kuti likwaniritse zofunikira za LFGB ndi FDA zokhudzana ndi chakudya.

Chikhazikitso cha LFGB: Muyezo Wagolide wa Germany Wokhudza Kulumikizana ndi Chakudya

LFGB (Lebensmittel- und Futtermittelgesetzbuch) ndiye Khodi yathu ya Chakudya ndi Zakudya ku Germany. Yakhala muyezo weniweni wa EU chifukwa Germany ndiye msika waukulu kwambiri wa ogula ndipo zofunikira za LFGB ndizokhwima kuposa zomwe EU yonse ikufuna. Zinthu zomwe zapambana mayeso a LFGB zitha kugulitsidwa m'maiko onse a EU.

Gulu lathu limaonetsetsa kuti gulu lililonse likukwaniritsa miyezo yathu lisanatumizidwe.

Malire Osamuka Onse

Mwala wofunikira kwambiri wa mayeso a LFGB okhudzana ndi chakudya ndi malire athu onse osamuka, omwe amaika malire a kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimatha kusamuka kuchokera ku zinthu zolumikizana ndi chakudya kupita ku zinthu zolumikizira chakudya kapena chakudya pa 10 mg/dm2. Malire awa amagwira ntchito pa zinthu zonse zolumikizira chakudya mosasamala kanthu za kapangidwe kake, kuphatikiza matabwa, nsungwi, pulasitiki, zitsulo, ndi zoumba. Pa ziwiya zamatabwa zakukhitchini, mayeso onse osamuka amachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zolumikizira chakudya zomwe zafotokozedwa muMalamulo a EU 1935/2004, kuphatikizapo madzi osungunuka, yankho la 3% la acetic acid, yankho la 10% la ethanol, ndi mafuta a azitona, kutengera mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mankhwalawo akufuna kukhudza.

Timachita kafukufuku wa momwe zinthu zilili m'malo athu tisanatumize kunja.

Kuwunika kwa Kuzindikira

Mbali yapadera ya kuyesa kwa LFGB ndi kufunika koyesa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, komwe kumayesa ngati chinthucho chimapereka fungo kapena kukoma kwina kulikonse kwachilendo ku chakudya. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri paziwiya zamatabwa, chifukwa matabwa achilengedwe ndi nsungwi zimatha kutulutsa zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya chakudya. Zinthu zomwe zimapambana mayeso osamukira kwa mankhwala koma sizingalandire satifiketi ya LFGB. Njira yathu yopangira zinthu imaphatikizapo gawo lowongolera louma ndi kuchiritsa lomwe limachepetsa zinthu zotsalira zomwe sizingasinthe m'thupi lathu.Zinthu za nsungwi zovomerezeka ndi FSC, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu zikugwira ntchito bwino nthawi zonse.

Zofunikira za FDA: 21 CFR ndi Zidziwitso Zokhudza Kulumikizana ndi Chakudya

Ku US, zinthu zolumikizirana ndi chakudya zimayendetsedwa motsatira Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, yokhala ndi malamulo enaake mu21 CFR Parts 175 mpaka 178Mosiyana ndi malire onse osamuka a EU, FDA imayesa zinthu zonse, poganizira zinthu zomwe zilipo, mitundu ya chakudya, ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Gulu lathu lotsatira malamulo limatsatira zofunikira za FDA pazinthu zathu.

21 CFR 175.300: Zophimba za Resinous ndi Polymeric

Pa ziwiya zathu zamatabwa zokhala ndi zokutira, 21 CFR 175.300 imakhazikitsa malire a zotulutsa m'madzi pamitundu yonse yazakudya. Zophimba zathu zochokera m'madzi pazakudya zathu zimakwaniritsa malire awa pamitundu yonse yazakudya.

Kawirikawiri Amadziwika Kuti Ndi Otetezeka (GRAS) Mkhalidwe

Matabwa ndi nsungwi zomwe zili m'chilengedwe nthawi zambiri zimazindikirika kuti ndizotetezeka kuti zigwirizane ndi chakudya ndipo sizifuna chilolezo chapadera cha FDA chisanagulitsidwe. Komabe, izi za GRAS zimagwira ntchito pazinthu zathu zopangira zokha. Zomatira, zokutira, zomaliza, kapena mankhwala ena akagwiritsidwa ntchito, chinthu chathu chomalizidwa chiyenera kuyesedwa kuti chigwirizane ndi malamulo athu 21 a CFR.Zosakaniza ndi ma phukusi a chakudya a FDAGawoli limapereka malangizo othandiza otumiza kunja kudziwa malamulo omwe amagwira ntchito pa zinthu zawo. Otumiza kunja ku msika wa US ayenera kupempha malipoti oyesa kuchokera ku ma laboratories ovomerezeka omwe amayang'ana makamaka zofunikira 21 za CFR zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kapangidwe ka zinthu zawo ndi momwe amafunira kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Malire Osamuka a Formaldehyde: Manambala Ofunika Kwambiri

Formaldehyde imayang'aniridwa mosamala pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamatabwa kukhitchini chifukwa imatha kupezeka mu zomatira, zokutira, komanso ngati chinthu chachilengedwe m'mitundu ina ya matabwa. Oyang'anira EU ndi US onse akhazikitsa malire okhwima osamukira.

Ndondomeko Yoyang'anira	Malire Osamutsira a Formaldehyde	Muyezo Woyesera	Chosakaniza Chakudya
Malamulo a EU 1935/2004	15 mg/kg chakudya chosakaniza	Mndandanda wa EN 1186	Madzi, 3% acetic acid
Gulu lankhondo la ku Germany LFGB (BfR)	15 mg/kg (magulu ena otsika)	DIN EN 1186 / LMBG B 82.10	Madzi, 3% acetic acid
FDA 21 CFR	Kuwunika kwa mlandu ndi mlandu	Ma protocol a ASTM / FDA	Zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa chakudya
China GB 4806	15 mg/kg (ya nsungwi/matabwa)	GB 31604.48	4% acetic acid

Malire a EU formaldehyde osamuka a 15 mg/kg amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mankhwalawa ayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza chakudya zomwe zafotokozedwa muMalamulo a EU 1935/2004ndi mikhalidwe yathu yoyesera yomwe yafotokozedwa mu mndandanda wa EN 1186. Pazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu yonse ya zakudya, kuyesa nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi zakumwa zamadzi ndi zamafuta kuti zikwaniritse zochitika zonse zomwe zingakhudze chakudya.Bungwe la Germany Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR)imapereka malingaliro ndi malingaliro ena asayansi omwe nthawi zambiri amapereka tanthauzo lodziwika bwino la malire awa.

Pa matabwa odulira nsungwi, chiopsezo cha formaldehyde chimachokera makamaka ku guluu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka lamination, osati kuchokera ku nsalu ya nsungwi yokha. Kugwiritsa ntchito guluu wa chakudya kumachotsa chiopsezochi komwe kumachokera.

Mayeso Osamutsa Zophimba Zopangira Zovala Zopaka ndi Zopaka Varnish

Zinthu zambiri zamatabwa kukhitchini zimalandira zokutira pamwamba kuti ziwoneke bwino komanso zikhale zolimba. Zophimbazi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zofunikira zina zotsatizana ndi malamulo ngati magwero otha kusamukira kwa mankhwala.

Timayesa zinthu zathu zophimbidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zokhazikika.

Kuyesa Kusamuka kwa EU Coating

Mu EU, zida za kukhitchini zopangidwa ndi matabwa ziyenera kuyesedwa kuti zione ngati zikuyenda bwino malinga ndi EN 1186-1, yomwe imatchula njira zoyesera, ma simulants, ndi mikhalidwe. Malire onse oyenda a 10 mg/dm2 amagwira ntchito pa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimasamuka kuchokera pamwamba pa kupaka. Kuphatikiza pa kusamuka konse, mayeso enieni oyenda bwino amafunika pazinthu zomwe zili ndi malire oyenda, monga formaldehyde, zitsulo zolemera (lead, cadmium, chromium), ndi ma amine oyambira a aromatic.Zogulitsa za ogwiritsa ntchito a IntertekDipatimenti ndi ma laboratories ena ovomerezeka amachita mayesowa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zokhazikika zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti zotsatira zake zikugwirizananso.

Kuyesa kwa FDA Coating Extractives

Malinga ndi FDA 21 CFR 175.300, zophimba zimayesedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira zakudya zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chinthu chathu. Malire a zophimba amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa chakudya: madzi osungunuka a zakudya zamadzimadzi, 8% ethanol ya zakudya zoledzeretsa, ndi n-heptane kapena zinthu zina zosakaniza zamafuta pazakudya zamafuta. Mikhalidwe yoyesera, kuphatikiza kutentha ndi nthawi, imafotokozedwa kutengera momwe chinthucho chigwiritsidwira ntchito. Pa matabwa odulira omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zakudya zotentha, kuyezetsa kutentha kwambiri ndikofunikira. Zophimba zathu zapadera zimapangidwa ndikuyesedwa kuti zikwaniritse malire athu okhwima kwambiri a zophimba pazinthu zonse zazakudya, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu zikutsatira malamulo mosasamala kanthu za momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito kumapeto. Otumiza athu akhoza kupempha zathuzikalata zotsatizana ndi malamulokwa mizere yeniyeni ya malonda.

Mndandanda wa Zolemba Zofunikira kwa Ogulitsa Zinthu ku EU ndi US

Ogulitsa kunja ali ndi udindo wovomerezeka woonetsetsa kuti zipangizo zamatabwa zomwe amabweretsa ku msika wa EU kapena US zikutsatira malamulo onse okhudzana ndi zakudya. Kusunga zikalata zonse zomwe zilipo ndikofunikira kuti muwonetse kuti mukutsatira malamulo a akuluakulu oyang'anira msika komanso kuteteza ku zochita zomwe zingachitike.

Zikalata Zisanu ndi Ziwiri Zofunikira

Mapepala a Chitetezo cha Zinthu (MSDS) a zipangizo zonse zopangira kuphatikizapo mitundu ya matabwa, nsungwi, zomatira, zokutira, ndi zomalizidwa. Zikalatazi zimasonyeza kapangidwe ka mankhwala a chinthu chilichonse ndi zinthu zilizonse zoopsa zomwe zilipo.
Malipoti Oyesera Kusamuka kuchokera ku ma laboratories ovomerezeka (LFGB, FDA 21 CFR, kapena onse awiri), okhudza kusamuka konse, kusamuka kwa formaldehyde, ndi kusamuka kwina kwa zinthu zilizonse zoletsedwa zomwe zapezeka mu kapangidwe kake.
Chikalata Chovomereza Kutsatira Malamulo a EU (DoC) cha misika ya ku Europe, chotsimikizira kuti malondawo akutsatira Lamulo 1935/2004 ndi njira zina zilizonse zoyenera. DoC iyenera kuzindikira malondawo, wopanga, malamulo athu oyenera, ndi malipoti oyesera omwe chilengezocho chachokera.
Satifiketi ya FSC Chain of Custody ngati chinthucho chikugulitsidwa ngati chochokera kuzinthu zokhazikika. Satifiketi yathu ya FSC imakhudza zinthu zamatabwa, nsungwi, ndi mapepala motsatira FSC-STD-40-004 v. 3.0.
Lipoti la Ofufuza a Mafakitale lotsimikizira kutsatira njira zabwino zopangira (GMP) monga momwe zafotokozedwera mu EU Regulation 2023/2006. Lipotili liyenera kufotokoza njira zopangira, njira zowongolera khalidwe, ndi njira zotsatirira.
Mapepala Ofotokozera Zinthu Okhala ndi zinthu zambiri, miyeso, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndi deta iliyonse yaukadaulo yoyenera. Mapepala awa amagwira ntchito ngati mlatho pakati pa kupanga kwa wopanga ndi zolemba zotsatizana ndi zomwe wotumiza kunja amalemba.
Malipoti Oletsa Kuyesa Mankhwala Omwe Ali ndi Zitsulo Zolemera, Ma Phthalates, Utoto wa Azo, ndi Zina Zina Zoletsedwa ndi EU REACH, California Proposition 65, kapena malamulo ena ogwira ntchito m'misika yomwe otumiza katundu athu akufuna.

Timasunga mapepala athunthu a zikalata zathu zonse ndipo timazisintha chaka chilichonse kuti zigwirizane ndi kusintha kulikonse kwa malamulo kapena kupeza zinthu. Gulu lathu labwino limagwira ntchito ndi ma laboratories ovomerezeka kuphatikizapoBureau Veritasndi Intertek kuti zitsimikizire kuti malipoti athu oyesa akukwaniritsa zofunikira za misika yovuta kwambiri.

Kusankha Ma Laboratories Ovomerezeka Oyesera

Kudalirika kwa zikalata zotsatizana ndi malamulo kumadalira kuvomerezedwa kwa labotale. Akuluakulu oyang'anira msika amalemekeza kwambiri malipoti ochokera ku labotale zodziwika padziko lonse lapansi.

Timagwirizana ndi ma laboratories ovomerezeka kuti tipeze malipoti athu oyesa.

Zoyenera Kuyang'ana Mu Mnzanu Woyesera

Posankha labotale yoyesera zinthu zokhudzana ndi chakudya, oitanitsa kunja ayenera kutsimikizira kuti labotale ili ndi chivomerezo cha ISO 17025 cha njira zoyesera zomwe zimafunikira, ali ndi chidziwitso ndi gulu la zinthu zomwe zikuyesedwa (ziwiya zamatabwa zimafuna kukonzekera zitsanzo zapadera ndi njira zoyesera), amapereka malipoti omveka bwino komanso atsatanetsatane oyesera omwe ali ndi magawo onse oyesera oyenera (ofanana, kutentha, nthawi, miyeso ya zitsanzo), ndipo amatha kupereka malipoti munjira yovomerezeka ndi akuluakulu oyang'anira pamsika womwe wotumiza kunja akufuna. Pazinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa kumisika ya EU ndi US, kusankha labotale yomwe ingapereke malipoti omwe akukwaniritsa zofunikira za LFGB ndi FDA mu pulogalamu imodzi yoyesera kumachepetsa ndalama ndikupangitsa kuti kasamalidwe ka zikalata kakhale kosavuta.

Mavuto Odziwika Okhudza Kutsatira Malamulo ndi Momwe Mungapewere

Ngakhale anthu odziwa bwino ntchito yotumiza katundu kumayiko ena akhoza kugwa mumsampha wotsatira malamulo omwe angayambitse kuchedwa kokwera mtengo, kukana zinthu, kapena kuchotsa zinthu pamsika. Tapeza mavuto athu ambiri kudzera mu zomwe takumana nazo potumikira anthu otumiza katundu m'maiko oposa 30.

Pulogalamu yathu yabwino imathetsa mavuto omwe tikukumana nawo chifukwa cha kutumiza katundu kunja.

Kuyesa Zinthu Zopangira Zokha

Timaona cholakwika chofala: kuyesa zinthu zamatabwa kapena nsungwi zokha popanda kuphatikiza zomatira zathu, zokutira, ndi zomaliziro mu chitsanzo choyesera. Kutsatira malamulo okhudzana ndi kukhudzana ndi chakudya kumagwira ntchito pa chinthu chathu chomalizidwa chifukwa chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito, osati pa zinthu zopangira payekha. Bolodi lodulira lomwe limadutsa mayeso a formaldehyde migration ngati nsungwi yopanda kanthu lingalephereke likayesedwa ndi zomatira ndi zigawo zokutira zomwe zilipo. Timayesa zinthu zathu zomalizidwa, osati zinthu zathu zokha.

Kunyalanyaza Zofunikira Za Dziko Lina

Ngakhale kuti mayeso a LFGB nthawi zambiri amakwaniritsa zofunikira za mayiko onse a EU, mayiko ena ali ndi zofunikira zina zadziko. Mwachitsanzo, France ili ndi zofunikira zenizeni pazinthu zokhudzana ndi chakudya zomwe zimapitirira dongosolo lathu lonse la EU. Italy ndi Spain zilinso ndi malamulo adziko omwe angagwire ntchito pamagulu ena azinthu. Ogulitsa kunja ayenera kufufuza zofunikira zathu za msika uliwonse womwe akufuna m'malo moganiza kuti kutsatira malamulo a EU konse ndikokwanira.

Malipoti a Mayeso Akale

Kugwiritsa ntchito malipoti oyesera omwe ali ndi zaka zingapo kungakhale kovuta ngati wopanga wathu wasintha ogulitsa zinthu zopangira, zomatira, kapena makina ophikira kuyambira pomwe mayesowa adachitika. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti ogulitsa ochokera kunja atsimikizire ndi ogulitsa awo kuti kapangidwe ka zinthu zathu sikunasinthe kuyambira pomwe malipoti oyesera adaperekedwa, komanso kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yoyesereranso nthawi ndi nthawi.

Udindo wa Chitsimikizo cha FSC mu Ndondomeko Yotsatira Malamulo

Satifiketi ya FSC ikuchulukirachulukira kukhala chinthu chofunikira pamsika m'masitolo ogulitsa ku Europe, komwe maunyolo monga Aldi, Lidl, ndi Carrefour amadzipereka kuzinthu zogulitsidwa m'njira yokhazikika. Ngakhale sichikhudza mwachindunji chitetezo cha chakudya chokhudzana ndi chakudya, FSC imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga njira zotsatirira malamulo onse.

ZathuSatifiketi ya FSC Chain of CustodyChimafotokoza za kugula ndi kugulitsa kwathu zinthu zamatabwa, nsungwi, ndi mapepala motsatira FSC-STD-40-004 v. 3.0, ndipo satifiketi yathu ya Global Recycled Standard (GRS) imawonjezera gawo lina la kutsimikizira unyolo wogulira. Kwa ogulitsa ochokera kunja, satifiketi izi zimapereka chitsimikizo chakuti zinthu zomwe zili mu malonda zimatha kutsatiridwa kuchokera komwe zachokera, zomwe zimathandizira zofunikira zolemba za LFGB ndi mapulogalamu otsatira malamulo a FDA. Kuphatikiza kwa kuyesa kukhudzana ndi chakudya ndi satifiketi yokhazikika kumapanga phukusi lonse lotsata malamulo lomwe limathetsa nkhawa zachitetezo komanso zachilengedwe.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa kuyesa kwa LFGB ndi FDA kwa zida zamatabwa zophikira chakudya?

LFGB ndi Khodi ya Chakudya ndi Zakudya yaku Germany (Lebensmittel- und Futtermittelgesetzbuch), yomwe imakhazikitsa miyezo yokhwima kwambiri yokhudzana ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi chakudya ku European Union. Pa ziwiya zamatabwa, kuyesa kwa LFGB kumayang'ana kwambiri kusamuka kwa formaldehyde, malire onse osamukira, ndi kuwunika kwa malingaliro (fungo ndi kusamutsa kukoma). Kutsatira malamulo a FDA ku United States kumayendetsedwa ndi Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, yokhala ndi malamulo enaake pansi pa 21 CFR Parts 175-178 okhudza zowonjezera zakudya zosalunjika kuphatikiza zokutira, zomatira, ndi ma polima omwe angakhudze chakudya. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti LFGB imagwiritsa ntchito malire amodzi osamuka a 10 mg/dm2 pazinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi chakudya, pomwe FDA imawunika zinthuzo pamilandu yonse kudzera mu Zidziwitso Zokhudzana ndi Chakudya kapena Threshold of Regulation. Kwa otumiza kunja omwe amatumiza kumisika yonse iwiri, tikukulimbikitsani kuyesa motsutsana ndi miyezo ya LFGB ndi FDA nthawi imodzi kuti mupewe ndalama zoyeserera zobwerezabwereza ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikutsatira malamulo m'madera onse awiri.

Kodi malire a formaldehyde osamukira ku matabwa pansi pa LFGB ndi ati?

Motsatira LFGB ndi dongosolo lonse la EU Regulation 1935/2004, kusamuka kwa formaldehyde kuchokera ku ziwiya zamatabwa sikuyenera kupitirira malire enaake poyesedwa motsatira miyezo ya EN 1186. Pazinthu zamatabwa zomwe zimapangidwira kukhudzana ndi chakudya, malire osamukira kwa formaldehyde nthawi zambiri amaikidwa pa 15 mg/kg ya simulant ya chakudya, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za EU Directive 2023/1435. German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) imapereka malangizo ena omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala okhwima kuposa zofunikira za EU. Pa matabwa odulira nsungwi ndi matabwa, formaldehyde ikhoza kupezeka mu zomatira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka lamination kapena pazophimba pamwamba. Timayesa matabwa athu onse odulira motsatira malire a EU-lonse komanso malangizo okhwima a BfR, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu zikukwaniritsa zofunikira za misika yovuta kwambiri ku Europe. Otumiza kunja ayenera kupempha malipoti oyesa kusamuka kwa formaldehyde ochitidwa ndi ma laboratories ovomerezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ma simulant athu enieni okhudzana ndi chakudya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zawo.

Kodi matabwa odulira nsungwi amafunika chilolezo cha FDA kuti agulitsidwe ku United States?

Ma board odulira nsungwi safuna kuvomerezedwa ndi FDA isanagulitsidwe, koma ayenera kutsatira malamulo a FDA pazinthu zokhudzana ndi chakudya. Pansi pa 21 CFR 170.39, zipangizo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadziwika kuti ndi zotetezeka (GRAS) kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pokhudzana ndi chakudya sizifuna Chidziwitso Chokhudzana ndi Chakudya. Komabe, ma board odulira nsungwi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zomatira, zokutira, kapena zomalizidwa ayenera kutsatira malamulo omwe ali mu 21 CFR Parts 175 (zowonjezera chakudya zosalunjika: zomatira ndi zigawo za zokutira) ndi 176 (zowonjezera chakudya zosalunjika: zigawo za mapepala ndi mapepala). Wotumiza katundu ali ndi udindo woonetsetsa kuti zikutsatira malamulo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kupeza malipoti oyesa kuchokera ku ma laboratories ovomerezeka omwe akuwonetsa kuti mankhwalawa satumiza zinthu zovulaza ku chakudya pansi pa mikhalidwe yogwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi. Timapereka zikalata zonse zotsatizana ndi malamulo pazinthu zathu zonse zakukhitchini zotetezeka chakudya zomwe zimatumizidwa kumsika wa US, kuphatikiza malipoti oyesa okhudzana ndi zofunikira za FDA 21 CFR.

Kodi ndi mayeso otani oti mugwiritse ntchito popanga ziwiya za kukhitchini zamatabwa zopakidwa lacquer kapena varnish?

Zipangizo za kukhitchini zokongoletsedwa kapena zopakidwa vanishi zimafuna mayeso osunthira utoto pansi pa LFGB ndi FDA. Mu EU, mayeso athu oyamba ndi mayeso onse osunthira utoto omwe amachitidwa motsatira EN 1186-1, omwe amayesa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimasamuka kuchokera ku utoto kupita ku zosakaniza za chakudya (nthawi zambiri madzi osungunuka, 3% acetic acid, 10% ethanol, ndi mafuta a azitona) pansi pa nthawi yodziwika bwino komanso kutentha. Malire onse osunthira ndi 10 mg/dm2. Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso enieni osunthira utoto pazinthu zodetsa nkhawa, monga formaldehyde, zitsulo zolemera, ndi ma amine oyambira, amafunika. Pansi pa FDA 21 CFR 175.300, zophimba ziyenera kukwaniritsa malire ochotsera omwe amasiyana kutengera mtundu wa chakudya (chamadzi, acidic, mowa, kapena mafuta) ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito (kutentha, nthawi yolumikizirana). Pazinthu zathu, timagwiritsa ntchito zophimba zochokera m'madzi zomwe zimapangidwa mwapadera kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira za LFGB ndi FDA, ndipo timapereka malipoti oyesa kuchokera ku ma laboratories ovomerezeka pa gulu lililonse lazinthu.

Kodi ndi zikalata ziti zotsatizana ndi malamulo zomwe oitanitsa ochokera ku EU ayenera kupempha kuchokera kwa ogulitsa zida zamatabwa zakukhitchini aku China?

Ogulitsa zinthu ochokera ku EU ayenera kupempha phukusi lathunthu la zikalata kuchokera kwa ogulitsa zida zawo zamatabwa aku China zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo cha zinthu, kutsatira malamulo, komanso kutsata unyolo woperekera. Zikalata zofunika zikuphatikizapo: (1) Mapepala azidziwitso zachitetezo cha zinthu zopangira zonse kuphatikiza matabwa, nsungwi, zomatira, zokutira, ndi zomalizidwa; (2) Malipoti a mayeso a LFGB ochokera ku ma laboratories ovomerezeka monga SGS, Intertek, kapena Bureau Veritas, okhudza kusamuka konse, kusamuka kwa formaldehyde, ndi kusamuka kwina kwa zinthu zoletsedwa; (3) Chikalata cha EU Chovomereza (DoC) chotsimikizira kutsatira Lamulo 1935/2004 ndi njira zilizonse zoyenera monga Lamulo 10/2011 la zinthu zapulasitiki; (4) Chitsimikizo cha FSC Chain of Custody ngati chinthucho chikugulitsidwa ngati chochokera kuzinthu zokhazikika; (5) Malipoti owunikira mafakitale otsimikizira kutsatira njira zabwino zopangira (GMP) monga momwe tafotokozera mu Lamulo 2023/2006; (6) Mapepala ofotokozera zinthu okhala ndi zinthu zambiri; ndi (7) Malipoti oyesera zinthu zoletsedwa monga zitsulo zolemera, phthalates, ndi utoto wa azo. Timasunga mapepala athunthu a zikalata zathu zonse ndipo tikhoza kupereka izi kwa ogulitsa athu aku Europe ngati titapempha.

Kodi mayeso otsatira malamulo a ziwiya za kukhitchini zamatabwa ayenera kubwerezedwanso kangati?

Kuyesa kutsatira malamulo a zida zamatabwa kuyenera kukonzedwanso nthawi iliyonse pakakhala kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka zinthu zathu, kapangidwe ka zinthu, njira zopangira, kapena wogulitsa zinthu zopangira. Ngakhale popanda kusintha, tikukulimbikitsani kukonzanso mayeso otsatira malamulo chaka chilichonse kuti muganizire kusintha komwe kungachitike pa khalidwe la zinthu zopangira komanso kuti mukhale ndi zofunikira pa malamulo zomwe zikusintha. Pazinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa ku EU, wotumiza katundu ali ndi udindo wovomerezeka kuti atsimikizire kuti zinthuzo zikutsatiridwa, ndipo akuluakulu oyang'anira msika angapemphe malipoti osinthidwa nthawi iliyonse. Ku United States, ngakhale palibe lamulo lokonzanso, FDA ikuyembekeza kuti zinthu zolumikizirana ndi chakudya zipitirire kukwaniritsa miyezo yoyenera nthawi yonse yomwe msika wawo ukugwira ntchito. Timasunga nthawi yoyesera zinthu zathu zonse zomwe zimaphatikizapo kukonzanso malipoti ofunikira a mayeso pachaka, ndi mayeso ena oyambitsidwa ndi kusintha kulikonse mu unyolo wathu wopereka kapena njira zopangira. Njira yodziwikiratu iyi imatsimikizira kuti otumiza katundu athu nthawi zonse amakhala ndi zikalata zotsatizana zomwe zilipo.

Kodi zinthu zopangidwa ndi nsungwi zovomerezeka ndi FSC zingathandize kuti njira yotsatirira malamulo a LFGB kapena FDA ikhale yosavuta?

Chitsimikizo cha FSC sichimachititsa kuti njira yotsatirira malamulo a LFGB kapena FDA ikhale yosavuta, chifukwa zitsimikizo izi zimakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za chinthucho. Chitsimikizo cha FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) chimatsimikizira kuti zinthu zamatabwa kapena nsungwi zimachokera ku nkhalango zoyang'aniridwa bwino ndipo unyolo wosunga umasungidwa mu unyolo wonse wopereka. Kumbali ina, kutsatira malamulo a LFGB ndi FDA kumayang'ana kwambiri chitetezo cha chakudya ndi katundu wosuntha mankhwala wa chinthu chomalizidwa. Komabe, chitsimikizo cha FSC chingathandizire njira yotsatirira malamulo m'njira zingapo. Choyamba, ogulitsa ovomerezeka ndi FSC amakhala ndi njira zabwino zolembera komanso unyolo woperekera zinthu wowonekera bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kutsatira komwe zinthuzo zinachokera ndikupeza deta ya zinthu zofunika poyesa kulumikizana ndi chakudya. Chachiwiri, njira yowunikira ya FSC nthawi zambiri imakhudzana ndi zofunikira pa kayendetsedwe ka khalidwe, zomwe zingathandize njira zabwino zopangira zomwe zimafunikira motsatira EU Regulation 2023/2006. Chachitatu, chitsimikizo cha FSC chimawonjezera phindu pamsika, makamaka m'njira zogulitsira ku Europe komwe zitsimikizo zokhazikika zimakhudza kwambiri zisankho zogula. Chitsimikizo chathu cha FSC, pamodzi ndi kuyesa kwathu kulumikizana ndi chakudya, chimapatsa ogulitsa ochokera kunja zitsimikizo zokhazikika komanso zachitetezo.

Dziwani: Zogulitsa zathu za YAWEN zimapangidwa pamalo athu ovomerezeka. Timayesa zinthu zathu zonse motsatira miyezo ya LFGB ndi FDA. Timapereka zikalata zathu zonse zotsatizana ndi malamulo kwa ogulitsa kunja. Lumikizanani ndi gulu lathu kuti mudziwe zomwe mukufuna kuti mutsatire malamulo.

Ray Zhang

Export Manager ku Ningbo Yawen International Trading Co., Ltd.

Ndi zaka zoposa 15 akugwira ntchito yogulitsa zinthu kukhitchini, Ray amayang'anira mapulogalamu otsatira malamulo ndi ziphaso za YAWEN m'misika yonse ku Europe, United States, Japan, ndi Australia. Amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi ma laboratories ovomerezeka kuti atsimikizire kuti zinthu zonse za YAWEN zikukwaniritsa zofunikira za chitetezo cha chakudya cha makasitomala athu padziko lonse lapansi. Ray ali ndi digiri ya International Trade kuchokera ku Ningbo University ndipo wamaliza maphunziro apadera pankhani ya malamulo okhudzana ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi chakudya.

Lumikizanani ndi Ray Fomu Yofunsira

Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-21-2026